Hydrocracking reaction of alkanes and olefins

Alkanes (olefins) undergo hydrocracking process, mainly cracking, juxtaposition and a small amount of cyclization reactions. Hydrogenation under high pressure to produce low-molecular alkanes, including the breakage of the C-C bond at one point of the feedstock molecule, and the formation of unsaturated molecular hydrogenation of unsaturated molecules. Take cetane as an example:

      H2

C16H34 → C8H18+C8H16 → C8H18

The reaction produces olefins that are first isomerized and then hydrogenated to isomeric alkanes. The general formula for the hydrocracking of alkanes:

CnH2n+2+H2 → CmH2m+2+Cn-mH2(n-m)+2

Hydrocracking of a long-chain alkane produces an olefin molecule and a short-chain alkane molecule, which is further hydrogenated to the corresponding alkane. The alkane can also be isomerized into an isomeric alkane.
The reaction rate of alkane hydrocracking increases with the molecular weight of the alkane. The rate of isomerization of alkanes under hydrocracking conditions also increases with the molecular weight. The rate of isomerization of alkanes under hydrocracking conditions also increases with the increase of molecular weight. The depth of alkane hydrocracking and product composition depend on the isomerization, decomposition and stabilization rate of alkane carbon ions, as well as on the molecular weight. The depth of alkane hydrocracking and the product composition depend on the isomerization, decomposition and stabilization rates of alkane carbon ions, and the ratio of these three reaction rates. Changing the ratio of hydrogenation activity and acidic activity of the catalyst can make the resulting reaction rate faster.
The ratio of hydrogenation activity to acidic activity of the catalyst can be changed to achieve the desired reaction product.
The olefin hydrocracking reaction produces the corresponding alkane, or further cyclization, cracking, isomerization, etc.