What are the industrial characteristics of ammonia

① The demand for chemical fertilisers in agriculture is a lasting driving force for the development of the ammonia industry. The growing world population puts pressure on food supply, and the application of chemical fertilisers is an effective way to increase agricultural production. Ammonia (i.e., an aqueous solution of ammonia) and liquid ammonia itself is a nitrogen fertiliser; urea, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulphate and other solid nitrogen fertilizers widely used in agriculture, and ammonium phosphate, ammonium nitrate phosphate fertilizers and other composite fertilizers, are based on the production of synthetic ammonia processing.

② close relationship with the energy industry. Ammonia production is usually a variety of fuels as raw materials, while the production process also requires fuel supply energy, therefore, ammonia is a large amount of energy consumption of chemical products. Theoretical energy consumption per tonne of liquid ammonia is 21.28GJ, the actual energy consumption is much more than the theoretical energy consumption, with the raw materials, plant size, process and management levels vary. Daily output of 1000t of ammonia in large ammonia plant production of liquid ammonia, the actual energy consumption is about twice the theoretical energy consumption.

③ Complex process, technology-intensive. Ammonia synthesis is carried out under high pressure and high temperature and in the presence of catalysts, for the gas-solid phase catalytic reaction process. Due to the ammonia synthesis catalyst (see inorganic chemical catalysts) is very susceptible to sulfur compounds, carbon oxides and water vapour poisoning (see catalyst poisoning), and from a variety of fuels to produce the raw material gas contains a different number of these substances, so in the raw material gas to the ammonia synthesis before the need to remove the harmful substances. Therefore, the total process of ammonia production is long and complex, according to different raw materials and different purification methods and a variety of processes.