What is the profile of the world ammonia industry?

The synthesis ammonia is one of the basic inorganic chemicals. Ammonia is the main raw material of fertiliser industry and basic organic chemical industry. From ammonia can be processed into nitric acid, the modern chemical industry, often nitric acid production under the category of ammonia industry. Ammonia industry in the early 20th century, the beginning of the formation of ammonia as a raw material for the fire and explosives industry, for the war service; after the end of the First World War, turned to agriculture, industrial services. With the development of science and technology, the growing demand for ammonia. 50 years after the ammonia raw material composition of a major change in the last 30 years, the ammonia industry is developing rapidly.

①Production capacity and output. Ammonia is a chemical industry in the production of chemical products ammonia industry. 1982, the world's production capacity of ammonia for 125Mt ammonia, but due to changes in the supply of raw materials, market demand, ammonia production is far lower than the production capacity. In recent years, the production of synthetic ammonia to the Soviet Union, China, the United States, India and other ten countries with the highest, accounting for more than half of the world's total production.

② consumption and use. Ammonia is mainly consumed by the fertilizer industry, used in other areas (mainly polymer chemicals, explosives industry, etc.) non-fertilizer ammonia, collectively referred to as industrial ammonia. At present, the total annual consumption of synthetic ammonia (in terms of N) is about 78.2Mt, of which the amount of industrial ammonia is about 10Mt, accounting for about 12% of the total ammonia consumption.

③ Raw materials. The main raw materials for ammonia are natural gas, naphtha, heavy oil and coal, etc. In 1981, the proportion of the world's natural gas to ammonia accounted for about 71%, the Soviet Union 92.2%, the United States 96%, the Netherlands 100%; China is still coal, coke as the main raw material for ammonia, natural gas ammonia accounts for only 20% of the 70's after the rise in the price of crude oil, some of the old ammonia naphtha-based raw material plant to natural gas, new plants overwhelmingly use natural gas as raw material, the majority of natural gas for the new plant. Most of the new plants use natural gas as raw material.

④Production method. The main difference between the methods of ammonia production in the manufacture of raw gas, the most widely used for the steam conversion method and part of the oxidation method.